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Baltic Sea Amber

The name Amber derives from the Arabic word anbar that refers to ambergris, a sperm whales’ secretion which in past times, was mistakenly confused with the fossilized golden-hued vegetal resins. In ancient Greek people it was well known as “electron”. Thales of Miletus made experiments on it, recorded phenomena which today are classified in electricity and are the field where electron (amber) owes its properties.

The Turkish word for amber is kehribar, which in turn derives from the Arabic word kahruba, which means “that which attracts haystack”, presumably due to its known properties of attracting light material, after rubbing amber on a wool garment. Amber is the fossilized resin of coniferous trees, which exceeds the age of 30 million years, it contains succinic acid and it is a source of electricity.

Amber comes from molecular polymers that result the impact of very high pressures and temperatures which are produced by the overlying sediments and convert the resin to a copal first (plain fossil). After passing of millions of years, the effects of pressures and temperatures lead to the formation of amber.

But there are other requirements for the creation of amber, as the original resin must be wear resistant. Many trees produce resins, but in most cases, the deposits are cleaved from the physical and biological process. Exposure to sunlight, rain and temperate extreme conditions tend to decompose most resins and this wear down process is assisted by microorganisms such as bacteria and various fungi. In order these resins to withstand for long enough until they turn into amber, they should be resistant against erosive forces or they must be produced under conditions that preclude the presence of such forces.

Although amber it is not a mineral, sometimes it is regarded and is used as a gemstone. If even one of the above characteristics is missing in any fossil resins, then these are not amber, but just plain fossils known as copal. Amber has no fixed formula, because it is a mixture of resins, but its average chemical composition is C10H16O. It has a hardness of 1.5 to 2.5 on the Mohs scale that is why it is very soft and has a relatively low specific gravity of 1.05 to 1.10. Practically, amber floats in salt water. It doesn’t float at sea, but it can move for entire miles therein. Baltic amber is deemed to originate from plants Sciadopityaceae of the genus family Sciadopitys, which grew in northern Europe.

Butterscotch color Amber

We call Butterscotch color Baltic Amber or Royal Matt Yellow Amber the pale yellow amber with whitish or even white colourings sometimes. According to scientific sources, amber’s butter color is due to low pressures and temperatures’ impacts and that at the grounds it had been deposited there was no admixtures with vibrant colored chemical elements.
Kahraman

We call KAHRAMAN a specific kind of amber that people had in their possession a long time ago. This amber was oxidized by oxygen and hands’ excretions of the people that held them from time to time. The oxidation tinctured them with a sweet orange tone. So KAHRAMAN is the old excavated amber.
Antique Amber

ANTIQUE amber owes its name to the color that resembles the old amber-kahraman. It is the butterscotch amber that has darkened: either because its mining occurred some years ago and its contact with the oxygen of the atmosphere has oxidized it or because during the time it was in the land it received higher pressures and temperatures. It is no coincidence that it is a top choice for amber’s lovers, right after the kahraman amber.
Champagne Amber

We call CHAMPAGNE amber the clear light yellow amber which color has the usually golden hue of champagne. The uniform clarity of its color is due to very low contact with oxygen during the process of the resin’s fossilisation. As a champagne wine, champagne amber is a fine taste material that could anyone admire in a worry beads collection.
Cherry Amber

Cherry Amber can be found in several shades and covers the whole scale of the crimson color. Dark amber colors, usually are the result of the high pressures and temperatures it has suffered, during the millions of years, it was inside the soil. An additional factor that can affect amber's color is the ground's components.In some cases its color may be due to "bombardment" with a laser. This procedure does not affect amber’s structure.
Cognac Amber

COGNAC amber is named after the golden- brown hues that remind us this well-known type of drink. Dark amber colors are the result of the high pressures and temperatures it has suffered, during the millions of years, it was inside the soil. An additional factor that can affect amber's color is the ground's components.
Green Amber

Olive green amber is called the amber that has olive green colourings . Vivid “green color ambers” are not natural but they have been chemically treated and in most cases they are copals (recent fossils).
Multicolor Amber

By saying Multicolor Amber we mean the variety of the combinations of amber beads of different qualities and colors that we can find in efhantra-worry beads of this category. Amber is a natural material because sometimes presents a variegation, especially when it isn’t especially cleaned after excavated.

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